WHO Assembles GDG to Tackle HTLV-1 Testing and Prevention

A Guideline Development Group (GDG) is being assembled by the World Health Organization (WHO) to create evidence-based guidelines for human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1). At least five to ten million people worldwide are afflicted by HTLV-1, the first human retrovirus to be discovered in 1977.

It is primarily found in the Western Pacific Region, Latin America, and western and central Africa. The aggressive cancer of the blood and blood-forming organs, known as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), is brought on by this neglected STI.

A progressive neurological disorder called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is also brought on by HTLV-1. According to serological research, HTLV-1 infection varies significantly among regions and is widespread in some nations and rare in others.

Although HTLV-1 screening of blood donors has been instituted in the majority of high-income countries, not many public health initiatives have been put into place. To control this infectious disease, more coordinated international public health initiatives are required.

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This is the first guideline that takes into account the most recent research and best practices on HTLV-1 testing and prevention. It will encourage the creation of a public health response and contribute to a broader process of establishing priorities and guiding principles for HTLV-1 testing and prevention.

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is closely collaborating with the leaders of this endeavor.

The GDG will convene virtually on December 8–9, 2025. This meeting's goal is to offer suggestions and direction on HTLV-1 testing and prevention, covering topics such as who should be tested, how to test, how to use resources, and more general preventative strategies.